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MEDICAL

The Survival Gap

Comparing three active shooter response models. Every minute between "Stop the Killing" and "Stop the Dying" consumes survivability.

Comparison of active shooter response models and survival outcomes.

The Three Casualty Groups

Immediate Deaths

15–30%

Catastrophic brain injury, aortic disruption, massive cardiac destruction. Die regardless of how quickly rescuers arrive.

Potentially Survivable

10–20%

Extremity hemorrhage, junctional hemorrhage, tension pneumothorax, airway obstruction. These are the lives won or lost during the transition.

Delayed Casualties

Variable

Abdominal wounds, liver, splenic, lung injuries. May survive for tens of minutes to hours but require evacuation and definitive care.

Response Model Comparison (50-Victim Scenario)

ModelTime to CarePotential Survivors (of 15 critical)
Traditional Secure Scene20–60 min6–8
Rescue Task Force8–15 min9–11
LE Rescue1–5 min11–13
Hybrid LE + RTF1–5 min + RTF12–14

What Matters Most

  • First 3–5 min:Tourniquet, movement from kill zone, airway positioning
  • First 10 min:RTF treatment, extraction, triage
  • First 30 min:Surgery, blood products, definitive care

The clock does not start when Fire/EMS enters. The clock starts when the first victim is shot.